Effects of Neem Wood Vinegar on Antibacterial Activities and Growth Performance in Weaned Piglets
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Abstract
This study produced neem (Azadirachta indica) wood vinegar and explored its chemical compositions in laboratory by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), its effects on antibacterial activities by 1) agar disc diffusion method, 2) broth microdilution method and 3) scanning electron microscopy, and its effects on growth performance in weaned piglets.The GC-MS analysis showed the presence of acetic acid (24.8%) and phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy (15.3%) as major bioactive compounds of neem wood vinegar which exhibited broad spectrum of antibacterial activities with MIC value ranging from 1.25 to 5 %v/v and MBC value from 2.5 to 10 %v/v. The scanning electron micrographs observation showed that neem wood vinegar inhibited bacterial cell division. The feed conversion ratio with piglets treated with neem wood vinegar was not different to those received antibiotics. The study of intestinal morphology revealed that neem wood vinegar trended to increase the ratio of villus height to crypth depth in jejunum and ileum of piglets which was similar to those received antibiotics. This was consistent with the study of scanning electron micrographs. The finding illustrated that neem wood vinegar has antibacterial activities and may be substituted as an alternative use for antibiotics in weaned piglets farm.
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References
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