Nostoc commune Vaucher ex Bornet & Flahault Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Nostoc commune Vaucher ex Bornet & Flahault
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Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria from food contamination are causative agents of enteric diseases. Antibacterial agents may cause toxicity and side effect after treatment. Moreover, drug resistant bacteria may emerge after long term of drug usage. Thus, the use of natural extracts is an alternative choice for treatment of enteric diseases. In this study, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Nostoc commune extracts were investigated. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of N. commune were tested against Salmonella Typhimurium, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Proteus vulgaris by agar well diffusion and broth dilution methods. It was found that ethanolic extract of N. commune showed the highest anti-bacterial activity on E. aerogenes with MIC of 15.62 mg/mL and MBC of 250 mg/mL. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of extracts was determined. The results showed that antioxidant activities of ethanolic extract from N. commune were higher than aqueous extract in all models of antioxidant test. Antioxidant activities of ethanolic extract of N. commune that were determined by metal chelating assay, the reducing power, ABTS radical cation decolorization and DPPH• radical scavenging assay were 0.533 mg EDTAE/g extract, 0.513 mg GE/g extract, 3.064 mg TE/g extract and 0.013 mg GE/g extract, respectively. Moreover, the total contents of phenolics and flavonoids were determined. It was found that the ethanolic extract of N. commune showed total phenolic and flavonoid content of 0.482 mg GE/g extract and 1.1 mg QE/g extract. The knowledge obtained from this study will be useful in order to develop therapeutic potential agent from N. commune as antioxidant in food supplement and antibacterial agent in the future.
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