Biodegradable Composites Manufactured from Low-Density Polyethylene and Thermoplastic Sago Starch: Preparation and Characterization
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Abstract
Plastic shopping bags, which are usually manufactured from low-density polyethylene (LDPE), are plastic products with significant environmental nuisance factors. A substance that must be in deteriorate, developing for any reason i.e. hydrolysis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as being exposed by natural weather is interesting enough. In this experiment, sago starch (SS) was treated with sodium trimetaphosphate. SS was mixed with LDPE in different ratios of 0, 10, 20, and 30 wt% and was blended with LDPE using the additives (glycerol/urea, 1% benzophenone, and epolene wax) in the same amount of starch. They were compounded via melt mixing technique tracked by injection molded to form sheets. The outcomes showed that the loss of the tensile features of the untreated composite increased steadily with increasing starch content. At 30 wt% of starch loading, the loss of tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (Eb) was approximately 23.3% and 87.5%, respectively, compared to virgin LDPE. However, for the treatment composite at 30 wt% starch loading compared to virgin LDPE, the loss of TS and Eb was about 17.3% and 98.8%, respectively. The reduced tensile strength percentage of the treated composite indicates that the good distribution and uniformity of SS in the LDPE was low but more elongated at break than in the untreated composite. The biodegradability of this composite was tested by determining a decrease in weight, morphology, and tensile features during exposure to hydrolysis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as natural weather.
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