Study of Chemical Constituents from Palm Fruit (Elaeis guineensis)After Harvesting and the Application of Palm Lipase for Biodiesel Production
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Abstract
Palm fruit after 0 h of harvesting was collected and extracted. Extraction with methanol gave the highest
yield with the value of recovery yield at 21.64%. High saponin, phenol and tannin were also detected. The chemical composition of palm fruit after 0-240 h of harvesting was characterized. The results showed that phenolic, vitamin E, protein and carotene decreased as harvesting time increased. In contrast, enzyme activity in lipase increased as harvesting time increased. The highest lipase activity was achieved at 120 h of harvesting and the activity increased to 4.76 U/mg after partial purification. Therefore, palm lipase was used as the catalyst for biodiesel production using waste cooking oil as substrate. Purified enzyme reached the optimal reaction time for biodiesel production after 6 h. A similar result was also obtained from commercial lipase. A longer incubation time (12 h) was observed in crude enzyme. Highest methyl ester content (96.5-98%) was achieved in this study and biodiesel specifications were characterized and passed Thailand’s fuel and American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards.
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