An Analysis of Drought in Phetchaburi River Basin using TVDI Derived from MODIS Data
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Abstract
Phetchaburi River Basin frequently faces dry spell periods resulting in water scarcity especially in a rainfed area. Soil moisture is one of main key factors related to drought severity. Satellite remote sensing could be used to estimate soil moisture in the remote areas with large coverage and also monitor drought situation for long period. The objective of this study is to investigate drought situation in the basin using Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI). MODIS 8-day composite products of MOD09A1 and MOD11A2 during January 1st 2019 to February 2nd 2020 were used to calculate Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and land surface temperature (Ts). The NDVI-Ts Feature Space was then applied to obtain TVDI data. Finally, the TVDI data was compared to gravimetric soil moisture measured in the study area. Results revealed that TVDI of 0.19 - 0.91 were found with inverse correlation to soil moisture conducted in the field (R of -0.82). High soil moisture was presented for irrigated paddy fields while rainfed sugarcane areas showed low soil moisture with average TVDI of 0.23 and 0.88, respectively. These results indicated that TVDI is an efficient technique used to estimate soil moisture and monitor agricultural drought throughout the large-scale areas. However, using TVDI during a rainy season is limited due to MODIS satellite imagery data are not capable to process land surface temperature.
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