The Effect of Acacia mangium Leaf Feed on Apparent Metabolizable Energy, Growth Performance, and Carcass Composition of Broiler Chickens
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The experiments were conducted to determine the apparent metabolizable energy of Acacia mangium leaf meal (AMLM) and the effect on growth performance and carcass composition of broiler chickens (Arbor acres). Twenty-four broiler chickens at the age of 24 days were divided into 2 groups with four replications of two chickens raised individually in a cage. The apparent metabolizable energy of AMLM-feeding chicken was 2,359.90 kcal/kg. Experimental diets consisted of AMLM 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% feeding for 161 one-day-old unsexed broiler chickens and were randomly assigned to five groups with four replications of eight chickens in a completely randomized design. Feed and water were offered ad-libitum throughout the experimental period. At the age of 45 days, 2 broilers per replicate were slaughtered, and the carcass was determined. The results indicated that broiler chickens fed AMLM diets were not significantly different in weight gain, average daily gain and feed intake compared to the control diet (P>0.05). But chickens fed AMLM had decreased feed conversion ratio than the control (P<0.05). In addition, broiler chickens fed AMLM diets were not significantly different in all carcass composition parameters compared to the control diet (P>0.05). It is concluded that the AMLM contained 10% in diets does not affect broiler chickens' growth performance and carcass composition.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Brice, Y. AVEC working group on turkey. Annual report, Association of poultry processors and poultry treade in the EU countries ASBL. Belgium, 2022.
Midgley, S.J.; Turnbull, J.W. Domestication and use of Australian acacia: case studies of five important species. Aust. Syst. Bot. 2003; 16, 89-102. https://doi.org/10.1071/SB01038
Kull, C.A.; Rangan, H. Acacia exchanges: wattles, thorn trees, and the study of plant movements. Geoforum. 2008; 39(3), 1258-1272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2007.09.009
Visuthitepkul, S. Quality of sawntimber acacia mangium willd. From planting by agro-forestry practices. Thai J. For. 1998; 17, 61-74.
Maelim, S.; Khlangsap, N.; Thaiutsa, B. Provenance trials of 1-year old Acacia mangium Willd. at wang nam khiew forestry research and training station, nakhon ratchasima province. Thai J. For. 2017; 36(2), 35-45.
Jarwanto, D.; Tachibana, S. Decomposition of lignin and holocellulose on Acacia mangium leaves and twings by six fungal isolates from nature. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 2010; 13(12), 604-610. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2010.604.610
Lerdsuwan, S.; Nalinanon, W. Reduction of fiber content in Acacia mangium leaves meal by commercial enzyme. J. Sci. Technol. MSU. Univ. 2016; (Suppl.1), 647-652
Sruamsiri, S. The use of acacia (Acacia mangium) as protein source in dairy ration. J. Agric. Sci. 2001; 17(1), 82-91.
Clavero, T.; Razz, R. Utilization of Acacia mangium as supplement for growing sheep. Revista Cientifica. 1999; 9(4), 311-313.
Abou-Elezz, F.M.K.; Sarmiento-Franco, L.; Santos-Ricalde, R.; Solorio-Sanchez, F. Nutritional effects of dietary inclusion of Leucaena leucocephala and Moringa oleifera leaf meal on Rhode Island Red hens' performance. Cuba. J. Agric. Sci. 2011; 45(2), 163-169.
Zanu, H. K.; Mustapha, M.; Addo Nartey, M. Response of broiler chickens to diets containing varying levels of leucaena (leucaena leucocephpla) leaf meal. Online J. Anim. Feed. Res. 2012; 2(2), 108-112.
A.O.A.C. Official Methods for Analysis, 5th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC, 1990.
Burns, R. E. Method for estimate of tannin in grain sorghum. Agron. J. 1971; 63, 511. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1971.00021962006300030050x
Hill, F.M.; Anderson, D.L. Comparisn of metabolizable energy and productive energy determinations with growing chicks. J. Nutr. 1958; 64(4), 587-603. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/64.4.587. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/64.4.587
NRC. Nutrient requirement of poultry, 9th ed. National Academy Press, Washington D.C., 1994.
Mossami, A. Effects of different inclusions of oat hulls on performance, carcass yield and gut development in broiler chickens. Thesis, Agricultural Science, Swedish University, 2011.
Amerah, A.M.; Lentle, R.G.; Ravindran, V. Influence of feed form on gizzard morphology and particle size spectra of duodenal digesta in broiler chickens. J. Poult. Sci. 2007; 44(2), 175-181. https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.44.175
SAS. SAS/SAT Guide for Personal Computers. Version SAS University. SAS inst., INC., Cary, NC., 2003.
Van, D.T.T.; Mui, N.T.; ledin, I. Effect of method of processing foliage of Acacia mangium and inclusion of bamboo charcoal in the diet on performance of growing goats. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 2006; 130(3-4), 242-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.01.008
Keir, B.; Lai, N.V.; Preston, T.R.; Orskov, E.R. Nutritive value of leaves from tropical trees and shrubs: 1. In vitro gas production and in sacco rumen degradability. Livest. Res. Rural. Dev. 1997; 9(4), 1-5.
Hien, T.Q.; Trung, T.Q.; Ha, T.V. Determination of the metabolic energy value of leucaena leucocephala leaf meal on luong Phuong broiler chicken. Vietnam. J. Sci. Technol. 2016; 2(9), 23-26.
Eichie, F.O.; Akinyemi, D.E.; Adegbenro, M. Effect of replacement of soybean meal with leucaena leucocephala leaf meal on performance, haematology, carcass measures and organ weight in broiler chickens. Am. J. Exp. Agric. 2015; 8(5), 327-334. https://doi.org/10.9734/AJEA/2015/17125
Onibi, G.E.; Folorunso, O.R.; Elumelu, C. Assessment of partial equi-protein replacement of soyabean meal with cassava and leucaena leaf meals in the diets of broiler chicken finishers. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 2008, 7(4), 408-413. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2008.408.413
Ncube, S.; Halinami, T.E.; Chikosi, E.V.I.; Saidi, P.T. Effect of Acacia angustissima leaf meal on performance, yield of carcass components and meat quality of broilers. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci. 2018; 48(2), 271-283. https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v48i2.8
Nwokolo, E.N.; Akpapunam, M.; Ogunjimi, T. Effect of vary level of dietary fibre on mineral availability in poultry diet. Nig. J. Anim. Prod. 1985, 12, 129-133.
Son, J.H.; Ragland, D; Adeola, O. Quantification of digesta flow into de caeca. Br. Poult. Sci. 2002; 43(2), 322-324, https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660120121562. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660120121562
Ige, A.O.; Odunsi, A.A.; Akinlade, J.A.; Ojedapo, L.O.; Ameen, S.A.; Aderinola, O.A.; Rafiu,T.A. Gliricidia leaf meal in layer's diet effect on performance, nutrient digestibility and economy of production. J. Anim. Vet. 2006; 5(6), 483-486.
Jiang, J.F.; Sang, X.M.; Huang, X.; Zhou, W.D.; Wu, J.L.; Zhu, H.C.; Jiang, Y.Q. Effects of Alfalfa meal on growth performance and gastrointestinal tract development of growing ducks. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2012; 25(10), 1445-1450. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2012.12190
Ncube, S.; Halinami, T.E.; Mwale, M.; Saidi, P.T. Effect of acacia angustissima leaf meal on the physiology of broiler intestines. J. Agric. Sci. 2017; 9(2), 53-62. https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n2p53
Mateos, G.G.; Jimenez-Monero, E.; Serrano, M.P.; Lazaro, R.P. Poultry responses to high levels of dietary fiber sources varying in physical and chemical characteristics. J. Appl. Poult. Sci. 2012; 21(1), 156-174. https://doi.org/10.3382/japr.2011-00477
Martens, S.D.; Tiemann, T.T.; Bendelle, J.; Peters, M.; Lascano, C.E. Alternative plant protein sources for pigs and chickens in the tropics: Nutritional value and constraints: A review paper. J. Agr. Rural. Dev. Trop. 2012; 113(12), 101-123.