Bacillus vietnamensis SF-1, a Promising Heterotrophic Nitrifier for Saline Wastewater Treatment
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Abstract
Shrimp farming wastewater regularly contains significant quantities of organic matter and inorganic nitrogen. Additionally, shrimp are extremely toxic to inorganic nitrogen, such as nitrite and ammonia. Ammonia removal is necessary for shrimp culture to improve water quality. Heterotrophic-nitrifying bacteria, genus Bacillus, are a kind of bacteria that effectively eliminate ammonia during the nitrification and aerobic denitrification processes. In a high ammonium medium, Bacillus vietnamensis SF-1 demonstrated 69.44% ammonium removal efficiency. The production of nitrite was 0.24 mg-N/L and nitrate concentration was 0.14 mg-N/L. The suitable carbon source of B. vietnamensis SF-1 was sucrose which had ammonium removal at 57.39%, while, suitable nitrogen source was ammonium sulfate which had ammonium removal at 46.15%. C/N ratio at 8 shown higest ammonium removal of 71.15%. An optimal salinity range for strain SF-1 growth was 2.0 to 4.0% NaCl (w/v). To improve wastewater, B. vietnamensis SF-1 was added to synthesis wastewater for 14 days. The study founded that the efficacy of ammonium removal of B. vietnamensis SF-1 was 94.77%. Nitrite and nitrate increased from 0.02-0.09 and 0.01-0.27 mg-N/L, respectively. The result showed that there is considerable potential for the salt-tolerant B. vietnamensis SF-1 to improve water quality in coastal aquaculture.
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