Flooring Material from Thermoplastic Elastomer Based on Natural Rubber and Recycled Plastic Waste

Abstract

This study investigates the preparation of thermoplastic elastomer flooring materials using a blend of recycled polyethylene (Re-PE) and natural rubber (NR) through simple blending and dynamic vulcanization techniques. This study aims to provide a sustainable alternative to conventional flooring by converting plastic waste into thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) with tailored properties suited for elderly safety. This research addresses the gap in designing flooring materials with high flexibility, shock absorption, and slip resistance, essential for fall prevention among the aging population. It was observed that the flowability of TPEs decreases as NR content increases. Thermal stability of TPEs exhibits two degradation stages: NR phase degrades at 380-400°C, and the plastic phase at 490-500°C. The degradation temperature increases with increasing plastic content. Mechanical properties of TPEs show that 100% modulus, tensile strength, impact strength, and hardness decrease as the proportion of NR increases. However, the elongation at break increases with increased NR content. Comparing the simple blending technique to dynamic vulcanization, the former yields higher impact strength while the latter results in higher values for the 100% modulus and tensile strength. The preparation of TPEs with a textured surface is obtained through the simple blending technique with a Re-PE/NR ratio of 25/75 due to its superior flowability, which allows for easier texturing. The material exhibits lower hardness and higher friction than other surfaces, reducing accident risk and injury severity. These findings highlight its potential as a practical alternative to conventional flooring, especially in elderly care where slip resistance and cushioning are critical.