Formulation of a Ketogenic Diet for Starter-Finisher and its Effect on the Growth Performance and Carcass Quality of Broiler Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)
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Abstract
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ketogenic diets on the growth performance and carcass quality of broiler chickens. The ketogenic approach aims to shift caloric intake towards protein and fat, with reduced carbohydrate content. A total of 128 three-week-old, straight-run broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments: Diet A (control/commercial feed), Diet B (lipid-based ketogenic diet), Diet C (protein-based ketogenic diet), and Diet D (fiber-based ketogenic diet). The study followed a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with cage location as the blocking factor. Data were analyzed using ANOVA in SAS v.9, and treatment means were compared using Tukey’s HSD at α = 0.05. Results revealed that Diet A outperformed all other treatments in terms of Voluntary Feed Intake (VFI), Body Weight (BW), Average Daily Gain (ADG), Weight Gain (WG), and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR). It also yielded the highest carcass weight (CW) and dressing percentage (DP). In contrast, Diet D showed the poorest growth performance and the highest cost to produce (CTP), along with the lowest Broiler Production Efficiency Factor (BPEF). However, Diet D recorded the lowest abdominal fat (AF), comparable with Diet C, while both Diet C and D had the lowest visceral fat (VF) yield. The reduced performance of ketogenic diets may be due to the lower quality of raw materials used in home-mixed rations. Nonetheless, the notable reduction in AF and VF suggests that ketogenic feeding may offer a viable strategy for producing leaner broiler meat.
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