A Study on Prevalence and Usage Pattern Cause of Antimicrobial Residues in Pork and Chicken Meat in Songkhla Province for Preventive Sustainable Strategy

Abstract

 The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial residues in pork and chicken meat on local fresh market and supermarket in Songkhla Province and to investigate about usage pattern of farmers causes that residue. This studied result may help to increase epidemiological knowledge and to specify farm advice some strategy and policy making to reduce inappropriate use of antimicrobials. Meat samples were collected during 60 days period (September-October 2012) from 6 sources (720 pork samples, 630 chicken meat samples), Antimicrobial residues were determined by the CM-test Kid. The results showed that, 7.5%-12.92% of pork in local fresh market and 2.22% in supermarket were found positive and positive residues chicken meat were found of 8.88%-15% and 3.33% in local fresh market and supermarket respectively. In the second period, the study used over 15 fattening pig farms and 17 broiler farms in Songkhla, Phatthalung, Satool, Nakhon si Thammarat and Yala Provinces on 60 days period (September-October 2012). Data included economic and technical factors as well as antimicrobial administration. The results showed that, from 11 positive pig farms showed the proportion on 9.09%, 18.18% and 72.72% of large, medium and small farm size, respectively. From 14 positive broiler farms showed the proportion on 14.28%, 50% and 35.7% of large, medium and small farms size respectively. The numbers of daily dose per 60 day weight (NDD 60) of small farms were found higher than medium and large farm. Factors associated (P<0.05) with the use of antimicrobials included: feeding periods, slaughter weight, mortality rates, withdrawal periods. These factors were related to NDD. Therefore it is recommened to focus future research on the potential role of socioeconomic factors associated with antimicrobial use on animal farms.