Selection of Amylase-Producing Filamentous Fungi to Hydrolyze Cassava Starch
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Abstract
Due to the current crisis of increasing petroleum fuel prices and problems concerning global warming, cassava starch is used as a low-cost carbon source for ethanol production. Several studies suggested that fungal amylase could be the biochemical solution for transforming polysaccharides into simple sugar. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate and characterize the highly efficient amylase-producing fungal isolates that hydrolyze cassava starch to sugar. The four hundred twenty-one (421) isolates of filamentous fungi were tested for their ability to digest 2% soluble starch using an agar plate assay. Among these 421 isolates, 72 fungal isolates exhibited a clear zone diameter in 7 days. All 72 fungal isolates were also tested for their ability to digest 2% cassava starch on agar plates. Four isolates, including 1-5, 13-3, 21-3, and 5-3, had the largest clear zone sizes (≥ 10 mm). They were identified as Taralomyces macrosporus, Penicillium sp., T. flavus, and Penicillium sp., respectively. The partial sequencing of internally transcribed spacer (ITS) regions was performed for the selected fungal isolate. The resulting T. flavus 21-3 gene sequences were deposited in GenBank under the accession number OQ184710. The sugar liberation was performed in a medium containing 2% cassava starch broth. The results showed that T. flavus 21-3 demonstrated the highest efficiency, with a maximum reducing sugar concentration of 5.14 g L-1 and an enzyme activity of 0.37 U mL-1. After 7 days of incubation at 30 ºC and growth in a medium containing cassava starch with a pH of 7.5, the culture exhibited high levels of enzymatic activity. These results implied that T. flavus 21-3 has the ability to produce amylase and could digest cassava starch into sugar, which is advantageous for industrial applications and warrants further research.
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ลิขสิทธ์ ของมหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลพระนครReferences
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