Removal of Periodic Noise in Digital Images Using an Improved Notch Filter
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Abstract
Periodic Noise Removal in digital images is an important process that affects image quality. This research proposes the use of an improved Notch Filter combined with High Pass Filtering in geometric shapes, namely circles, triangles, squares, pentagons, and four-pointed stars, to improve the efficiency of Periodic Noise Removal. Standard images Lena.tif, Baboon.tif, and Jet.tiff with diagonal noise were used to evaluate performance. Two metrics were applied: Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR). The results indicated that for Lena.tif, the pentagon and four-pointed star increased PSNR by 5.12 dB and 5.11 dB, respectively, compared to the original Notch Filter, while circle, square, and triangle increased PSNR by 4.68-4.88 dB. For Baboon.tif, the original Notch Filter yielded the best performance; all geometric shapes decreased PSNR by 0.94-1.39 dB, indicating that the image content and noise pattern did not align with these shapes. For Jet.tiff, the pentagon increased PSNR by more than 5 dB. This study presented a new approach to frequency-domain filter design to effectively reduce periodic noise while preserving digital image quality.
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