Article Processing Charge (APC)

To promote equitable access to publication opportunities, the journal offers Geographical Pricing, under which authors from eligible countries or regions may receive a partial discount on the standard APC. The applicable discount will be determined based on the corresponding author’s country of affiliation at the time of submission.

Any APC discount granted under the Geographical Pricing policy will be applied only after the manuscript has been accepted for publication and will not influence the editorial or peer-review process.