Chromosomal description and molecular cytogenetic markers of Nepalese whiskered myotis, Myotis muricola (Chiroptera: Ves- pertilionidae) from Thailand
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate size, shape, diploid number (2n), fundamental number (NF), NORs position and pattern of microsatellites and to establish the karyotype and standard ideogram of Nepalese whiskered myotis, Myotis muricola (Gray, 1846) from Maha Sarakham province, Northeastern Thailand. Mitotic chromosomes were directly prepared from bone marrow of specimens after in vivo colchicine treatment. Chromosomes were stained by conventional Giemsa and Ag-NOR staining as well as Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques. The obtained results showed that the diploid chromosome number of M. muricola was 2n = 44 and the fundamental number (NF) was 53 in male and 54 in female. The types of autosomes were 6 large metacentric, 2 small submetacentric and 34 small telocentric chromosomes. The sex determination was XY system which X chromosome was a large metacentric chromosome and Y was a small telocentric chromosome. NOR positions were located on the centromere of the long arm of chromosomes 8th and 16th. The hybridization signal of d(CGG)10 was distributed across all chromosomes as well as the whole genome. In contrast, d(GC)15 repeat was specifically presented on chromosomes 1st, 4th and 10th. The karyotype formula of M. muricola is as follows: 2n (44) = Lm 6 + Ssm 2 + St 34 + sex chromosomes.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Albayrak, İ., Sariçam, T., & Arslan, A. (2020). C-Heterochromatin and nucleolus organizer region distribution of Myotis emarginatus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 44, 195-198.
Baker, R.J. & Jordan, R.G. (1970). Chromosomal tudies of some neotropical bats of the families Emballonuridae, Noctilionidae, Natalidae and Vespertilionidae. Caryologia, 23(4), 595-604.
Baydemir, N.A. (2015). Nucleolus organizer regions of Myotis myotis (Borkhausen, 1797) and Miniopterus schreibersii (Kuhl, 1817) (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 39, 349-352.
Bickham, J.W. (1979). Chromosomal variation and evolutionary relationships of vespertilionid bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Journal of Mammalogy, 60, 350-363.
Bickham, J.W., Mcbee, K. & Schlitter, D.A. (1986). Chromosomal variation among seven species of Myotis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Journal of Mammalogy, 67(4), 746-750.
Bickham, J.W., Patton, J.C., Schlitter, D.A., Rautenbach, I.A. & Honeycutt, R.L. (2004). Molecular phylogenetics, karyotypic diversity, and partition of the genus Myotis (Chiroptera: Vespoertilionidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 33, 333-338.
Chaiyasut, K. (1989). Cytogenetics and cytotaxonomy of the family Zephyranthes. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University.
Chistiakov, D.A., Hellemans, B. & Volckaert, F.A.M. (2006). Microsatellites and their genomic distribution, evolution, function and applications: a review with special reference to fish genetics. Aquaculture, 255, 1-29.
Donbundit, N., Thongnetr, W., Patawang, I. & Tanomtong, A. (2020). First study on chromosomal feature and NORs localization of the yellow-spotted keelback snake, Fowlea flavipunctatus (Squamata, Natricinae) in Thailand. Science Technology and Engineering Journal (STEJ), 6(1), 37-45
Ellegren, H. (2004). Microsatellites: simple sequences with complex evolution. Nature Reviews Genetics, 5, 435- 445.
Faria, M.B. & Ribeiro, M.C.S. (2018). History of the genus Myotis (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) in Brazil: phylogeny, distribution, and cytogenetics. Revista Brasileira de Zoociências, 19(3), 161-175.
Francis, C.M. (2008). A guide to mammals of Southeast Asia. Princeton University Press.
Gorobeyko, U.V. & Kartavtseva, I.V. (2018). Karyology of the bats from the Russian far East. In M. Larramendy, & S. Soloneski (Eds.), Cytogenetics-Past, Present and Further Perspectives. Intech Open.
Harada, M., Yenbutra, S., Tsuchiya K. & Takada, S. (1985). Karyotypes of seven species of bats from Thailand (Chiroptera, Mammalia). Experientia, 41, 1610-1611.
Howell, W.M. & Black, D.A. (1980). Controlled silver-staining of nucleolus organizer regions with a protective colloidal developer: A 1-step method. Experientia, 36, 1014-1015.
Karataş, A., Sözen, M., Özkurt, Ş. & Matur, F. (2013). Karyology of three bat species of the genus Myotis (M. myotis, M. bechsteinii, M. brandtii) (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Turkey. Zoology in the Middle East, 40(1), 5-9.
Kubat, Z., Hobza, R., Vyskot, B. & Kejnovsky, E. (2008). Microsatellite accumulation in the Y chromosome of Silene latifolia. Genome, 51, 350-356.
MDD. (2022, June 5) Mammal diversity database. Version 1.7 Zenodo. https://zenodo.org/record/4139818#. YxVNb3ZbyUk
Miller, Jr., G.S. (1907). The families and genera of bats. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 57, 1-282.
Moratelli, R. & Wilson, D.E. (2011). A new species of Myotis Kaup, 1829 (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) from Ecuador. Mammalian Biology, 76(5), 608-614.
Novaes, R.L.M., Wilson, D.E. & Moratelli, R. (2022). Catalogue of primary types of Neotropical Myotis (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae). ZooKeys, 1105, 127-164.
Ota, H., Hikida, T., Matsui, M. & Mori, A. (1990). Karyotype of Gekko monarchus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Sarawak, Malaysia. Japanese Journal of Herpetology, 13(4), 136-138.
Patawang. I., Tanomtong, A., Jumrusthanasan, S., Kakampuy, W., Neeratanaphan, L. & Pinthong, K. (2014). Chromosomal characteristics of NORs and karyological analysis of tokay gecko, Gekko gecko (Gekkonidae, Squamata) from mitotic and meiotic cell division. Cytologia, 79(3), 315-324.
Pinkel, D., Straume, T. & Gray, J. (1986). Cytogenetic analysis using quantitative, high sensitivity, fluorescence hybridization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (pp. 2934-2938).
Sarasan, T., Supiwong, W., Sriwattanarothai, N., Panijpan, B., Srisamoot, N. & Tanomtong, A. (2021). Karyotype of four mouth-brooding Betta fishes in Thailand. Science Technology and Engineering Journal (STEJ), 7(1), 22-31.
Sharma, O.P., Tripathi, N.K. & Sharma, K.K. (2002). A review of chromosome banding in fishes. In R.C. Sobti (Ed.), Some Aspects of Chromosome Structure and Functions (pp. 109-122). New Narosa publishing House.
Simmons, N.B. (2005). Order Chiroptera. In D.E. Wilson & D.M. Reeder (Eds.), Mammal species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference (3rd ed.) (pp. 312-529). Johns Hopkins University Press.
Soisook, P. (2011). A checklist of bats (Mammalia:Chiroptera) in Thailand. Journal of Wildlife in Thailand, 18(1), 121-151.
Stadelman, B., Lin, L.K., Kunz, T.H. & Ruedi, M. (2007). Molecular phylogeny of New World (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 43, 32-48.
Supanuam, P., Tanomtong, A., Khunsook, S., Kaewsri, S., Pinthong, K. & Sanoamuang, L. (2013). Karyological analysis and morphometrics of Horsfield’s bat, Myotis horsfieldii (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae). Cytologia, 78(1), 15-24.
Tautz, D. & Renz, M. (1984). Simple sequences are ubiquitous repetitive components of eukaryotic genomes. Nucleic Acids Research, 12, 4127-4138.
Turpin, R. & Lejeune, J. (1965). Les Chromosomes Humains. Gauthier-pillars. Volleth, M. & Heller, K.G. (1994). Phylogenetic relationships of vespertilionid genera (Mammalia: Chiroptera) as revealed by karyological analysis. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 32, 11-34.
Volleth, M. & Heller, K.G. (2012). Variations on a theme: Karyotype comparison in Eurasian Myotis species and implications for phylogeny. Vespertilio, 16, 329-350.
Volleth, M. & Tidemann, C.R. (1989). Chromosome studies in three genera of Australian vespertilionid bats. Mammalian Biology, 54, 215-222.
Volleth, M. (1987). Differences in the location of nucleolus organizer regions in European vespertilionid bats. Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics, 44, 186-197.
Volleth, M., Heller, KG., Pfeiffer, R.A. & Hameister, H. (2002). A comparative ZOO-FISH analysis in bats elucidates the phylogenetic r e l a t i o n s h i p s b e t w e e n Megachiroptera and five microchiropteran families. Chromosome Research, 10, 477-497.
Wu, Y., Harada, M., Shi, HY. & Liu, H. (2006). Further study on karyology of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Sichuan China. Journal of Guangzhou university, 5(4), 20-24.
Wu, Y., Motokawa, M., Lichun, Y., Harada, M., Chen, Z. & Lin, L.K. (2009). Karyology of eight species of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Hainan Island, China International. Journal of Biological Sciences, 5(7), 659-666.
Yasuma, S., Parks, S. & Jigyōdan, K.K. (2003). Identification keys to the mammals of Borneo: insectivora, scandentia, rodentia, chiroptera. BBEC Publication.