Analysis of Installation Performance and Obstacles in Fully Precast Concrete Construction Using AHP and Statistical Productivity Evaluation

Abstract

This study analyzes installation productivity, identifies key obstacles, and links analytical findings with productivity improvement guidelines for fully precast concrete construction in mid-rise residential buildings (≤ 8 stories) in Bangkok and its vicinity. Quantitative data were obtained from 58 completed condominium projects comprising 193,000 precast structural elements, while 135,965 screened installation records were used for productivity and cycle-time analysis. Expert judgments were collected from 50 construction professionals, including 23 project management personnel and 27 site operation engineers. The research integrates cycle-time productivity evaluation, Spearman’s rank correlation, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results show an average installation productivity of 3.25 pieces per hour (18.5 minutes per piece). Elements using splice sleeve joints achieved higher productivity than those using corrugated duct joints. Spearman’s correlation indicates a high level of agreement between management and field teams regarding time, quality, and site-readiness factors. The AHP results show that transportation, lifting, and site-space management had the highest relative weight (0.25858), followed by planning and coordination (0.25498). These findings indicate that the main bottlenecks are related to pre-installation readiness, crane sequencing, dowel-bar alignment accuracy, and final quality inspection. Accordingly, the study proposes 4D BIM simulation, dowel-bar alignment jigs, and PCI/ACI-based inspection checklists as systematic measures to reduce time variability and improve installation productivity in constrained urban construction environments.