Diversity, Abundance and Population Structure of Shore Crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura; Menippidae, Eriphidae, Xanthidae, Oziidae) at Nom Sao Island, Chanthaburi Province, the Eastern Gulf of Thailand
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Abstract
Research on the diversity, abundance and population structure of shore crabs (Decapoda: Brachyuran: Menippidae, Eriphidae, Xanthidae, Oziidae) at Nom Sao Island, Chanthaburi Province, was conducted for a period of around nine months in 2019, starting in January through to May and then continuing from September to December. The study area focused on four ecosystems: sand beaches, rocky shores, coral reefs, and bare ground. Specimens were collected via collapsible crab traps, driftnets and free-hand methods. Species identification was made in both external and internal morphology consideration. The result found that species diversity of shore crab belonged to 4 families, 6 genera and 9 species. One species of Menippidae (Myomenippe hardwickii), two species of Eriphiidae (Eriphia ferox and E. sebana), three species of Oziidae (Ozious guttatus, O. rugulosus and Epixanthus frontalis) and three species of Xanthidae (Leptodius nigromaculatus, Atergatis integerrimus and Atergatis floridus) were found. The highest dominant species was L. nigromaculatus (280 individuals/square meter, 53.33%). Moreover, the rocky shore was found highest diversity (9 species) with the highest abundance of xanthid crabs. The highest abundance of nine crabs was found in April (130 individual/square meter, 24.76%), but in contrast, A. in-tegerrimus was found the whole year. In addition, the ratio between male and female crab was 1:0.46. Carapace size distribution was found in the highest range 11-20 mm. The relationship between the abundance of shore crabs and ecological factors was significantly different with transparency depth (P < 0.05).
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