Effects of Dibutyltin and Monobutyltin on Growth, Mortality and Development of Imposex in Female Spotted Babylon (Babylonia areolata)
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Abstract
Organotin compounds, e.g. tributyltin, dibutyltin and monobutyltin cause changes in the endocrine and reproductive systems of marine organisms, especially imposex in female gastropods. Due to high toxicity to non-target species, tributyltin-based antifouling paints were banned for the use in all vessels since 2008. However, organotin compounds are used in a variety of industrial and agricultural applications, and subsequently discharged into coastal environment. This study aimed to assess the effects of dibutyltin and monobutyltin on growth, mortality rate, and development of imposex in female spotted babylon (Babylonia areolata). Dibutyltin and monobutyltin (5 and 10 mg/L) could accumulate and metabolic transform in the tissues without deleterious effect on shell length, but significantly (p < 0.05) decreased whole body weight and increased mortality rate of spotted babylon. Additionally, dibutyltin and monobutyltin induced development of imposex (10.00-13.33%) in spotted babylon and promoted development stage of pseudopenis to the level 1-2 dependent on the chemical concentrations. The results demonstrated that dibutyltin and monobutyltin had effects on growth, mortality, and imposex incidence of spotted babylon. Therefore, government authorities should implement stringent measures and enforce a law to reduce the contamination of organotin compounds in marine environment, and simultaneously prevent undesirable consequences on production of shellfish culture in the future.
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ลิขสิทธ์ ของมหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลพระนครReferences
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