Water usage management, Thailand
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Water use in Thailand is probable to increase rapidly due to economic and social changes, change in water usage activities, changes in government investment policies increase in the number of tourists, and climate change. The increase in water use results in water shortage which leads to insufficient water to meet the demand. Therefore, short-term and long-term water resource managements need the water demand information from the physical factors of the area. The water allocation in accordance with the needs of each water user is provided. Although the government agencies have already published water usage information via the website, the water usage data in form that truly reflects the water image and quantitative use at all levels are not fully presented nor up to date. This study presents the previous water shortage problem, assessment of water demand for primary activities, information related to government water use assessment and, proposes guidelines for water use assessment that are consistent with the changing context of Thailand. The assessment of water demand should be adjusted in accordance with the rapidly changing situation and show the concentration of spatial water usage activities at all levels for a comprehensive assessment and the slightest mistake
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Agricultural economic data by the Office of Agricultural Economics. URL: http://www.oae.go.th/view/1/ Home/EN-US
Blokker E.J.M. (2010). Stochastic water demand modeling for a better understanding of hydraulics in water distribution networks. Ph.D.Thesis. Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands.
Drought 2005 and government operations. URL: https:// www.ryt9.com/s/ ryt9/39518
Drought events record 2014/2015 by the Institute of Water and Agricultural Resources (Public Organization). URL: http://www.thaiwater.net/current/ drought58/ drought 58.html
Drought events. (2018). URL: https://www.matichon.co. th/region/news
Drought events. (2019). URL: https://mgronline.com/local/ detail
Factory information by the Department of Industrial Works. URL: http://www.diw.go.th/hawk/en/content. php?mode=history
Irrigation water usage data. URL: http://www.thaiwater. net/web/index.php/aboutusen/526-tele-riden.html
Off-season is reducing impacts on the public money of 50 billion baht. URL: https://www.posttoday.com/ economy/36372
Service of eservice of the Provincial Waterworks Authority. URL: https://en.pwa. co.th/contents/eservice
Sucharit Koonthanakulwong and Winai Chaowiwat. (2005). Status and guidelines for water management in Rayong province. Chemical Engineering, Year 58. Issue 5. September - October 2005.
Summary of the drought situation during the year 2004- 2005. URL: http:// www.thaiwater.net/current/ drought.htm
The website of the Irrigation Department. URL: http:// www.rid.go.th/eng/
Tourism statistics by the Ministry of Tourism and Sports. URL: https://www.mots. go.th/mots_en57/main. php?filename=index Water consumption data report of the Metropolitan Waterworks Authority. URL: https://www.mwa. co.th/ewtadmin/ewt/ mwa_internet_eng/main. php?filename=index
Water Resources Act. (2018). Volume 135. Episode 112. Government Gazette, 28 December 201. Page 44 - 83. URL: https://library2.parliament.go.th/ giventake/content_nla2557/law135-281261-44. pdf
Water situation in EGAT dam “Farmers should be cooperated with the government by do not do off-season 2014/2015”. URL: https://www.egat. co.th/ index.php? option=com_content & view = article & id = 734: egatnews-20141003-02 & catid = 30 & Itemid = 112
Weekly performance summary report by Department of Livestock Development. URL: http://en.dld.go.th/ index.php/en/home-top
Ximing Cai Mark W. and Rosegrant Claudia Ringler. (2003). Physical and economic efficiency of water use in the river basin: Implications for efficient water management. Water Resources Research. Vol.39(1).