Enhancing germination and seedling growth in vegetable soybean: The impact of seed coating with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

Davika Rapeebunyanon; Chatsuda Phuakjaiphaeo; Vassana Viroonrat; Jakkrapong Kangsopa

Authors

Davika Rapeebunyanon Division of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University, Thailand
Chatsuda Phuakjaiphaeo Bachelor of Science (Plant Protection), Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University, Thailand
Vassana Viroonrat Bachelor of Science (Soil Resources and Environment), Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University, Thailand
Jakkrapong Kangsopa Division of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University, Thailand; Modern Seed Technology Research Center, Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University, Thailand

Keywords:

Seed enhancement, seed vigor, seed germination, legume, plant nutrient

Abstract

Vegetable soybean seeds often experience low germination rates and poor seedling growth after planting, likely due to nutrient-deficient soils resulting from frequent cultivation. This study aimed to identify the optimal types and concentrations of nutrients to enhance germination and seedling growth in vegetable soybeans. Seeds were coated with nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) at four different concentration levels. The results showed that coating with NH₄NO₃ at 3.0 g/L significantly improved (P<0.01) emergence percentage, germination percentage and shoot length compared to non-coated seeds under sand conditions. In the top of paper covered with sand test, it was observed that coating with NH₄NO₃ at 3.0 g/L resulted in faster germination compared to other treatments. The results from both sand and top-of-paper covered with sand conditions indicated that seed coating with NH₄NO₃ at all four concentration levels did not result in significant differences in root length and root fresh weight when compared to non-coated seeds. In conclusion, seed coating with NH₄NO₃ at 3.0 g/L is recommended as the most effective type and concentration to enhance germination and seedling growth of vegetable soybean seedlings, providing an efficient approach to improving seed quality through nutrient-based coating.

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