การวิเคราะห์และลดต้นทุนโลจิสติกส์สำหรับผักออร์แกนิคในภาคตะวันตกของประเทศไทย (ANALYSIS AND LOGISTICS COST REDUCTION FOR ORGANIC VEGETABLES IN THE WEST OF THAILAND)

Abstract

This research emphasizes study of logistics cost of agricultural products: organic vegetable supply chain in the West of Thailand in order to present the guideline for sustainable supply chain cost reduction. The research began with study and collection of primary and secondary data of organic vegetable supply chain from material purchasing to product delivery to customers. The researchers categorize farms into systematic agriculture and unsystematic agriculture, then analyze value of activities in present supply chain for each category by value stream mapping, before eliminating non-value added activity and decreasing necessary but non-value added activity. According to the research result, total cycle time of organic vegetable for systematic agriculture and unsystematic agriculture was decreased by 0.78 percent and 5.55 percent, respectively. In addition, the risk value of activity delay for systematic agriculture was reduced by 21.43 percent at the cost 19.37 baht per kilogram while unsystematic agriculture risk was deducted by 21.43 percent at the cost 20.32 baht per kilogram. Moreover, activity base costing was used to analyze logistic cost and found the activities caused high logistic cost. Those activities for systematic agriculture are outbound product preparation and product grading, accounted for 22.10 percent of total logistic cost while those for unsystematic agriculture are outbound product preparation and product packing preparation which accounted for 23.46 percent of total logistic cost. Thus, researchers purposed guideline for decrease the cost of logistic activity, which could reduce the cost of systematic agriculture 113.770 baht per year and unsystematic agriculture 85,920 baht per year.