Design and Development of a Smart Earphone for Real-Time Detection of Heatstroke Risk and Falls Using Vital Sign Monitoring
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Abstract
This research focuses on the design and development of a smart earphone prototype for heatstroke and fall detection based on vital sign analysis. The objectives of this study are: 1) to develop a smart earphone prototype capable of monitoring vital signs related to heatstroke, including body temperature, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation (SpO₂), using wearable technology; 2) to design and develop a real-time vital sign data processing system for analyzing and assessing heatstroke risk based on physiological standard criteria through a web application; and 3) to develop a fall detection system integrated with an automatic alert mechanism, including voice notification from the wearable device and message alerts via the LINE application to caregivers or nearby individuals. The research instruments consist of the developed smart earphone system, which integrates multiple sensors, including the MAX30100 sensor for heart rate and SpO₂ measurement, the GY-906 infrared sensor for body temperature monitoring, and the MPU6050 motion sensor for fall detection. The system is connected to a web application for real-time data visualization and alert notification. The statistical methods used for data analysis include mean and percentage error.
The results indicate that the proposed smart earphone system can measure heart rate and blood oxygen saturation with high accuracy compared to standard medical devices, with average errors of 1.44% and 0.82%, respectively. For body temperature measurement at the ear, the system achieved the lowest average error of 0.02°C compared to a standard infrared thermometer, demonstrating higher suitability than other body locations. In addition, the fall detection function achieved an average accuracy of 95%, and the system was able to send alert notifications to users within an average time of less than 5 seconds. These findings demonstrate that the developed system is effective for health monitoring and heatstroke prevention applications.
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References
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