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Study on Antibacterial Activity in Bacterial Cavity of the Extraction from Pluchea indica (Linn.) for Development of Herbal Toothpaste Formulation

Abstract

This research,  Study on  antibacterial activity in  bacterial cavity of the extraction  from Pluchea indica (Linn.) for development of herbal toothpaste formulation. The extraction of aerial parts of P. indica with ethanol were studied. The antibacterial activity of Streptococcus mutans by disk diffusion method, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts that can inhibit for S. mutans was studied by broth microdillution method. The chemical and physical quality assessment of herbal toothpaste products and survey of satisfaction with the products from volunteers by the questionnaire were studied. The results showed, the percentage yields of the extracts from aerial parts of P. indica were calculated based on a fresh weight. The extracts of this plants gave the percentage yields with 1.82 % (w/w). The antibacterial activity of S. mutans of the extracts when compared to the standard drug Erythromycin by disc diffusion method found that the concentration of sample extracts at 1,000 mg/mL could inhibit S. mutans. The inhibition zone for inhibit bacteria of sample extracts was measured at 7.10 ± 0.20 mm. When compared to the standard drug Erythromycin found that the concentration of standard drug Erythromycin at 0.15 mg/mL could inhibit S. mutans. The inhibition zone of standard drug Erythromycin was measured at 23.90 ± 0.36 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts compared to the standard drug Erythromycin that can inhibit for S. mutans was studied by broth microdillution method showed that the extracts could not show value of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for inhibit S. mutans. While the standard drug Erythromycin was able to find value of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for inhibit S. mutans at concentration equal to 10.94 mg/mL. The chemical and physical quality assessment of herbal toothpaste products when test at stress condition showed that the homogeneity, the smell of both groups from herbal toothpaste did not changes. While the color of both groups of herbal toothpaste was found to have been slightly altered by a slightly lighter color. The pH (acidity - base) test of both groups of products has changed, with a slight decrease in pH, which is still not changed in standard. The product satisfaction assessment of volunteers when test herbal toothpaste showed that volunteers were satisfied with the physical characteristics of the products and in terms of product properties. Moreover, the volunteers satisfied with herbal toothpaste from the extracts of P. indica more than the base herbal toothpaste.