The Effectiveness of Educational Program through Multimedia toward Knowledge Attitude and Practice for Preventing Urinary Tract Infection among Pregnant Women

Abstract

Urinary Tract Infection has been a common infection among pregnant women, which could adversely affect both the mother and the fetus. This study was a quasi-experimental research.  The objectives aimed to compare knowledge, attitudes, and practices among pregnant women before and after receiving educational program through multimedia. Also, knowledge, attitude, and practice between experimental group and control group were studied.  Samples were Thai women with gestational age 6 to 20 weeks.  There were 25 experimental groups and 25 control groups. The instruments included firstly educational program, which provided a 10-minute animation clip video. After that cleaning female genital organ with the model had been demonstrated and return demonstration had shown back to the researcher, which took approximately 10 minutes. The infographic handout related to knowledge and practice had been sent to application line of the experimental group in the next two weeks. Second was knowledge assessment. Third was attitude assessment and practice assessment was the last one. The research instruments had content validity by three experts, which index of item objective congruence (IOC) was 0.92.  Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient has been used for reliability on attitude assessment, and practice assessment at 0.90 and 0.65 respectively, whereas KR 20 was reliably used for knowledge assessment at 0.70. Data was analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, and Mann-Whitney U Test regard to non-normal distribution of the data. The result found that after receiving educational program, the experimental group had significantly higher knowledge (M=9.80, SD=0.41), attitude (M=49.20, SD=1.22), and practice (M=17.84, SD=1.77) at .001 (p<.001).  Both experimental group and control group had no difference scores toward knowledge, attitude, and practice (p=0.686, p=0.123, p=0.411).  Regarding current situation, using smartphones and/or electronic devices has increased significantly.  Educational programs through multimedia could apply as a part of providing knowledge for patients to have better health.