Health Risk and Contamination Assessment of Heavy Metals in Groundwater around Municipal Landfill, Ayutthaya Province
Keywords:
Health risk assessment, Groundwater, Heavy metals, Municipal solid waste landfill, Phra Nakhon Si AyutthayaAbstract
This research aims to: 1) investigate heavy metal contamination, including arsenic, cadmium, copper, manganese, nickel, and lead in groundwater at the municipal solid waste landfill of the Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Provincial Administrative Organization during the dry and wet seasons; 2) assess the human health risk of heavy metal contamination of groundwater. The research methodology consists of the following steps: 1) groundwater samples were collected using grab sampling method from monitoring wells with a bailer; 2) heavy metals in the groundwater were extracted using microwave-assisted acid digestion and analyzed with an Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) according to USEPA standard methods USEPA 3015A and USEPA 6010D, respectively. The analysis results indicate that the levels of heavy metals not exceeding the contamination standards for groundwater set by USEPA, WHO, and NOAA are Cadmium, Copper, Nickel, and Lead during both seasons. Heavy metals and the percentage of samples exceeding the standards of USEPA, WHO, and NOAA for groundwater are Arsenic (100%), manganese (50%) in the dry season, and Arsenic (50%), Manganese (75%) in the wet season. The assessment of cumulative health risk from heavy metals, including non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks, exceeded acceptable limits in both seasons, with the highest risk observed in children during the dry season, showing a Hazard Index (HI) of 35.85 and a Total Carcinogenic Risk (TCR) of 0.16. Therefore, this research data may be helpful for responsible agencies in improving the effective management of waste disposal sites, in order to reduce metal contamination and health risk factors from groundwater.
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