The Mixing of Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesive for Shape Retention of Coffee Grounds for Product Design

Abstract

This research aims to study and find the appropriate mixing formula for shape stability of coffee grounds mixed with urea-formaldehyde adhesive through molding workpieces in molds according to product design patterns. The adhesive is applied to enhance the shape stability of coffee grounds in order to solve waste management problems and develop alternative materials for product design work.The first experimental method involved finding the appropriate ratio from preliminary testing of shape stability of coffee grounds mixed with urea-formaldehyde adhesive with water at a mixing ratio of 46% water, below which the coffee grounds would not maintain their shape. Four samples were tested using cold pressing in molds while controlling room temperature at 27-37 degrees Celsius. The ratios were 37:17:46, 32:22:46, 27:27:46, and 22:32:46 respectively.It was found that ratio 3 - coffee grounds 27%, urea-formaldehyde powder adhesive 27%, and water 46% - had the best shape stability for the product form, requiring 2 days and 2 hours for molding.When ratio 3 was tested for bending strength with wooden reinforcement of 2 millimeters thickness, testing 6 different thicknesses of flat sheet material: 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 millimeters, it was found that 6 millimeters thickness had the best test value of 1.35 MPa, and the material fusion of the mixed material with the best shape stability was at 6 millimeters thickness.From the mixing ratio for coffee ground shape stability in this research, this represents a product extension that helps substitute wood-type materials for furniture surface decoration components and products, and helps promote design work for coffee shops