การเปรียบเทียบข้อมูลเมตาโบโลมิกส์แบบไม่เจาะจงและฤทธิ์ต้านอนุมูลอิสระของข่าแดงและข่าหลวงที่ปลูกในจังหวัดสมุทรปราการ

Soramon  Sutin; Kannika Keawkim; Peeyanan  Noirod; Kriskamol  Na jom

Authors

Soramon Sutin Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University
Kannika Keawkim Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University
Peeyanan Noirod Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University
Kriskamol Na jom Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University

Keywords:

Galangal, Alpinia siamensis, Alpinia galanga, Antioxidant activity, UHPLC-MS/MS

Abstract

This research aimed to compare the chemical constituents and antioxidant activities of two galangal varieties: Alpinia siamensis and Alpinia galanga, which are widely cultivated in Samut Prakan Province. Comprehensive analyses were performed on multiple plant parts, namely the mature and young rhizomes, pseudostems, leaves, and flowers. Chemical profiling using UHPLC-Hi-Res-Orbitrap-MS/MS revealed that A. siamensis exhibited a high diversity of flavonoids and phenolics, particularly in the young rhizome, where compounds such as Quercetin, Kaempferol, and Ferulic acid were predominant. In contrast, A. galanga showed higher accumulations of Gallic acid and Vanillin in the mature rhizome and leaves compared to other parts. The total phenolic content (TPC) of A. siamensis was found to be of at 110.41 ± 1.12 mg GAE/g DW. In contrast, for A. galanga, the highest concentration was observed in the leaves, reaching 75.21 ± 0.14 mg GAE/g DW. Antioxidant activity assays (DPPH and ABTS) demonstrated that the mature rhizome extract of A. siamensis possessed the lowest IC₅₀ values of 52.00 ± 4.04 mg/mL and 58.0 ± 2.60 mg/mL, respectively. For A. galanga, the lowest IC₅₀ values were observed in the young rhizome at 52.00 ± 4.04 mg/mL and 58.0 ± 2.60 mg/mL respectively. These results indicate that A. siamensis is a superior source of antioxidants, particularly its rhizomes, which exhibit significantly higher antioxidant efficiency compared to A. galanga (p < 0.05).

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