NKRAFA Journal of Science and Technology, Volume 20, Issue 1, January – June 2024, is published online via the ThaiJO 2.0 system. The journal holds an ISSN (Online) number of 2651-1002, and the print version has an ISSN (Print) number of 2651-1134. The journal is published twice a year: Issue 1 (January – June) and Issue 2 (July – December).

The editorial team of the NKRAFA Journal of Science and Technology has dedicated its efforts to upholding the value of the research published in the journal and remains committed to improving the quality of the journal to be ready for evaluation to be promoted to Tier 1 in the Thai-Journal Citation Index (TCI). The editorial team sincerely thanks all authors for their trust in submitting a total of 11 articles—7 external and 4 internal—for publication in Volume 20, Issue 1 (January – June 2024) of the journal.

Sincere and heartfelt gratitude also goes to the Foundation of Air Chief Marshal Professor Dr. Pisut Riddhagni, the advisory committee, and all distinguished reviewers who generously dedicated their time to assess the quality of the submitted articles and provided highly valuable suggestions.

Last but not least, special thanks go to everyone involved in the production of this journal for contributing to its completeness and visual appeal, which have led to its success in both quality and quantity, in accordance with the TCI quality standards.

Editor-in-Chief
NKRAFA Journal of Science and Technology