The editorial team of the NKRAFA Journal of Science and Technology would like to express our sincere gratitude to all readers, article authors, reviewers, and all parties involved who have continuously supported the journal. This issue remains committed to publishing high-quality academic work in the fields of science, engineering, and technology, serving as a platform for academic knowledge exchange at both national and international levels. The Editorial team is dedicated to elevating the journal toward the Tier 1 classification of the Thai-Journal Citation Index (TCI) by emphasizing the enhancement of article quality and developing more rigorous article review processes.

This journal issue contains a total of 13 peer-reviewed articles, consisting of 10 articles from external institutions and 3 articles from the Navaminda Kasatriyadhiraj Royal Thai Air Force Academy. Furthermore, the editorial team cordially invites lecturers, researchers, academics, and students to submit quality research papers and academic articles that adhere to research ethics, to jointly advance scientific and technological knowledge in future issues.

Editor-in-Chief
NKRAFA Journal of Science and Technology